{"id":719,"date":"2019-12-14T12:20:01","date_gmt":"2019-12-14T19:20:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/learnjapanese.best\/?p=719"},"modified":"2021-04-16T14:48:23","modified_gmt":"2021-04-16T14:48:23","slug":"japanese-diacritical-marks","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/japanesecomplete.com\/articles\/?p=719","title":{"rendered":"Japanese Diacritical Marks"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">In Japanese, diacritical marks like the <em>dakuten<\/em> and <em>handakuten<\/em> are considered markers that indicate if a sound is <em><strong>vocalised<\/strong><\/em> or <em><strong>plosive<\/strong><\/em>, respectively.<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-normal-font-size\">Handaku-ten (&#8220;Half vocalised&#8221; = &#8220;Plosive&#8221;)<br>\u534a\u6fc1\u70b9\u30fb\u306f\u3093\u3060\u304f\u3066\u3093<br>\u300e\u25cb \uff9f\u300f\u306f\u2192\u3071\u3001\u3072\u2192\u3074\u3001\u3075\u2192\u3077\u3001\u3078\u2192\u307a\u3001\u307b\u2192\u307d <br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000ha\u2192pa, hi\u2192pi, fu\u2192pu, he\u2192pe, ho\u2192po<br><br>Daku-ten (&#8220;Vocalised&#8221; = Hum while you say the sound)<br>\u6fc1\u70b9\u30fb\u3060\u304f\u3066\u3093<br>\u300e\u25cb \uff9e\u300f<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u306f\u2192\u3070\u3001\u3072\u2192\u3073\u3001\u3075\u2192\u3076\u3001\u3078\u2192\u3079\u3001\u307b\u2192\u307c<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000ha\u2192ba, hi\u2192bi, fu\u2192bu, he\u2192be, ho\u2192bo<br><br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u304b\u2192\u304c\u3001\u304d\u2192\u304e\u3001\u304f\u2192\u3050\u3001\u3051\u2192\u3052\u3001\u3053\u2192\u3054<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000ka\u2192ga, ki\u2192gi, ku\u2192gu, ke\u2192ge, ko\u2192go<br><br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u305f\u2192\u3060\u3001\u3061\u2192\u3062\u3001\u3064\u2192\u3065\u3001\u3066\u2192\u3067\u3001\u3068\u2192\u3069<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000ta\u2192da, chi\u2192ji, tsu\u2192dzu, te\u2192de, to\u2192do<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3055\u2192\u3056\u3001\u3057\u2192\u3058\u3001\u3059\u2192\u305a\u3001\u305b\u2192\u305e\u3001\u305d\u2192\u305e<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000sa\u2192za, shi\u2192ji, su\u2192zu, se\u2192ze, so\u2192zo<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ya, Yu, and Yo are used to modify the syllables ending in \u3044 like &#8220;ki&#8221; and &#8220;shi&#8221; to become &#8220;kya&#8221; and &#8220;sha.&#8221;<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-normal-font-size\"><br>\u300e\u25cb\u3083\u300f<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u304d\uff0b\u3084\u2192\u304d\u3083<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000ki+ya \u2192 kya<br><br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3057\uff0b\u3084\u2192\u3057\u3083<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000shi+ya \u2192 sha<br><br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3061\uff0b\u3084\u2192\u3061\u3083<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000chi+ya \u2192 cha<br><br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u307f\uff0b\u3084\u2192\u307f\u3083<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000mi + ya \u2192 mya<br><br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u306b\uff0b\u3084\u2192\u306b\u3083<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000ni + ya \u2192 nya<br><br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3072\uff0b\u3084\u2192\u3072\u3083<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000hi + ya \u2192 hya<br>\u300e\u25cb \uff9e\u3083\u300f<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u304e\u3083\u3000gya<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3073\u3083\u3000bya<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3058\u3083\u3000ja, jya<br>\u300e\u25cb\u3085\u300f<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u304d\uff0b\u3086\u2192\u304d\u3085<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000ki+yu \u2192 kyu<br><br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3057\uff0b\u3086\u2192 \u3057\u3085<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000shi+yu \u2192 shu<br><br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3061\uff0b\u3086\u2192\u3061\u3085<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000chi+yu \u2192 chu<br><br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u307f\uff0b\u3086\u2192\u307f\u3085<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000mi + yu \u2192 myu<br><br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u306b\uff0b\u3086\u2192\u306b<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000ni + yu \u2192 nyu<br><br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3072\uff0b\u3086\u2192\u3072\u3085<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000hi + yu \u2192 hyu<br><br>\u300e\u25cb \uff9e\u3085\u300f<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u304e\u3085\u3000gyu<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3073\u3085\u3000byu<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3058\u3085\u3000ju, jyu<br>\u300e\u25cb\u3087\u300f<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u304d\uff0b\u3088\u2192\u304d\u3087<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000ki+yo \u2192 kyo<br><br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3057\uff0b\u3088\u2192\u3058\u3087<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000shi+yo \u2192 sho<br><br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3061\uff0b\u3088\u2192\u3061\u3087<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000chi+yo \u2192 cho<br><br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u307f\uff0b\u3088\u2192\u307f\u3087<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000mi + yo \u2192 myo<br><br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u306b\uff0b\u3088\u2192\u306b\u3087<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000ni + yo \u2192 nyo<br><br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3072\uff0b\u3088\u2192\u3072\u3087<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000hi + yo \u2192 hyo<br>\u300e\u25cb \uff9e\u3087\u300f<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u304e\u3087\u3000gyo<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3073\u3087\u3000byo<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3058\u3087\u3000jo, jyo<br>\u300e\u25cb \uff9f\u3083\u300f<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3072\u3083\u2192\u3074\u3083<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000hya \u2192 pya<br>\u300e\u25cb \uff9f\u3085\u300f<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3072\u3085\u2192\u3074\u3085<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000hyu \u2192 pyu<br>\u300e\u25cb \uff9f\u3087\u300f<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3072\u3087\u2192\u3074\u3087<br>\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000hyo \u2192 pyo<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>\u305d\u304f\u304a\u3093 <br><\/strong>The glottal stop called Small tsu<br>\u300e\u30fb\u3063\u30fb\u300f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Small tsu \u3063 is one rhythmic unit in Japanese and is considered a <strong>glottal stop<\/strong> when coming after a vowel \u300e\u30fb\u3063\u300f<br><br>Small tsu \u3063 is considered a <em>consonant doubler<\/em> or <em>consonant extender<\/em> when coming before a consonant \u300e\u3063\u30fb\u300f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3044\u3089\u3063\u3057\u3083\u3044\u307e\u305b      roughly, &#8220;ear-ah-shy-ee-ma-se&#8221;<br>\u3044\u3089\u3063\u3057\u3083\u3044 <br>the small tsu before the &#8220;sha&#8221; \u300c\u3063\u3057\u3083\u300d creates and invites extra timing for the &#8220;sha&#8221; to come in earlier and slightly longer than just one <strong>mora<\/strong> (one rhythmic unit).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So <strong>glottal stopper \u3063<\/strong> really has two functions, depending on what precedes or follows.<br>\u3046\u3041\u3063\uff01 Uatt!  (sounds like &#8220;uah!&#8221; with a sudden halt in the throat).  The small tsu is not pronounced, it just cuts\/halts the voice of the vowel.  For contrast,<br>\u300c\u305f\u3063\u305f\u3002\u300d&#8221;Tatta&#8221; in this case doubles the second consonant &#8220;t sound&#8221; and expands the duration of this word slightly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"5472\" height=\"3648\" src=\"http:\/\/articles.japanesecomplete.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/koi-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-728\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">Next: <a href=\"https:\/\/learnjapanese.best\/2019\/12\/11\/the-four-types-of-kanji\/\">Read about The Four Kinds of Kanji<\/a><br>Check out: <a href=\"https:\/\/learnjapanese.best\/2019\/12\/13\/what-is-japanese-complete\/\">What is Japanese Complete?<\/a><br>Learn About: <a href=\"https:\/\/learnjapanese.best\/2019\/11\/17\/language-blending\/\">The Benefits of Language Blending<\/a><br>Internalize: <a href=\"https:\/\/learnjapanese.best\/2019\/10\/10\/habits-of-successful-language-learners\/\">Success Habits for Language Learning<\/a><br>Mastery: <a href=\"https:\/\/japanesecomplete.com\/purchase\">Get Access to Japanese Complete<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In Japanese, diacritical marks like the dakuten and handakuten are considered markers that indicate if a sound is vocalised or plosive, respectively. Handaku-ten (&#8220;Half vocalised&#8221; = &#8220;Plosive&#8221;)\u534a\u6fc1\u70b9\u30fb\u306f\u3093\u3060\u304f\u3066\u3093\u300e\u25cb \uff9f\u300f\u306f\u2192\u3071\u3001\u3072\u2192\u3074\u3001\u3075\u2192\u3077\u3001\u3078\u2192\u307a\u3001\u307b\u2192\u307d \u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000ha\u2192pa, hi\u2192pi, fu\u2192pu, he\u2192pe, ho\u2192po Daku-ten (&#8220;Vocalised&#8221; = Hum while you say the sound)\u6fc1\u70b9\u30fb\u3060\u304f\u3066\u3093\u300e\u25cb \uff9e\u300f\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u306f\u2192\u3070\u3001\u3072\u2192\u3073\u3001\u3075\u2192\u3076\u3001\u3078\u2192\u3079\u3001\u307b\u2192\u307c\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000ha\u2192ba, hi\u2192bi, fu\u2192bu, he\u2192be, ho\u2192bo \u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u304b\u2192\u304c\u3001\u304d\u2192\u304e\u3001\u304f\u2192\u3050\u3001\u3051\u2192\u3052\u3001\u3053\u2192\u3054\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000ka\u2192ga, ki\u2192gi, ku\u2192gu, ke\u2192ge, ko\u2192go \u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u305f\u2192\u3060\u3001\u3061\u2192\u3062\u3001\u3064\u2192\u3065\u3001\u3066\u2192\u3067\u3001\u3068\u2192\u3069\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000ta\u2192da, chi\u2192ji, tsu\u2192dzu,<a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/japanesecomplete.com\/articles\/?p=719\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">&#8220;Japanese Diacritical Marks&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":727,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,3,6,7,8],"tags":[162,179,180,240],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Japanese Diacritical Marks<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/japanesecomplete.com\/articles\/?p=719\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Japanese Diacritical Marks\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In Japanese, diacritical marks like the dakuten and handakuten are considered markers that indicate if a sound is vocalised or plosive, respectively. Handaku-ten (&#8220;Half vocalised&#8221; = &#8220;Plosive&#8221;)\u534a\u6fc1\u70b9\u30fb\u306f\u3093\u3060\u304f\u3066\u3093\u300e\u25cb \uff9f\u300f\u306f\u2192\u3071\u3001\u3072\u2192\u3074\u3001\u3075\u2192\u3077\u3001\u3078\u2192\u307a\u3001\u307b\u2192\u307d \u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000ha\u2192pa, hi\u2192pi, fu\u2192pu, he\u2192pe, ho\u2192po Daku-ten (&#8220;Vocalised&#8221; = Hum while you say the sound)\u6fc1\u70b9\u30fb\u3060\u304f\u3066\u3093\u300e\u25cb \uff9e\u300f\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u306f\u2192\u3070\u3001\u3072\u2192\u3073\u3001\u3075\u2192\u3076\u3001\u3078\u2192\u3079\u3001\u307b\u2192\u307c\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000ha\u2192ba, hi\u2192bi, fu\u2192bu, he\u2192be, ho\u2192bo \u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u304b\u2192\u304c\u3001\u304d\u2192\u304e\u3001\u304f\u2192\u3050\u3001\u3051\u2192\u3052\u3001\u3053\u2192\u3054\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000ka\u2192ga, ki\u2192gi, ku\u2192gu, ke\u2192ge, ko\u2192go \u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u305f\u2192\u3060\u3001\u3061\u2192\u3062\u3001\u3064\u2192\u3065\u3001\u3066\u2192\u3067\u3001\u3068\u2192\u3069\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000ta\u2192da, chi\u2192ji, tsu\u2192dzu,Continue reading &quot;Japanese Diacritical Marks&quot;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/japanesecomplete.com\/articles\/?p=719\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Intuition for Japanese\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-12-14T19:20:01+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-04-16T14:48:23+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/japanesecomplete.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/b.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"4823\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"3544\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\">\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" 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