Japanese glues small markers to each word or phrase in a sentence to describe its function. These markers are called Particles and they take the shape of Query Particles and Elaborative Particles.<\/p>\n\n\n
Q \u306b\u3000\u3067\u3000\u3092\u3000\u304c\u3000\u3068\u3000\u3078\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n
E \u306f\u3000\u3082<\/p>\n\n\n
Simply Glue a word to the correct particle and tack on a sentence-final verb: <\/p>\n\n\n
[ Ball “oh”\u3092] bounce. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n Congratulations! You’ve formed a complete Japanese sentence!<\/p>\n\n\n Complete Bunsetsu Jar = Bunsetsu Contents + Bunsetsu Lid<\/p>\n\n\n Contents of the Jar are the word, the Lid of the jar is a Particle.<\/p>\n\n\n Every Bunsetsu Jar must have a Bunsetsu Lid (although in modern Japanese, common lids will sometimes be omitted from speech and writing)<\/p>\n\n\n [ BUNSETSU CONTENTS + LID ] is a complete BUNSETSU JAR.<\/p>\n\n\n [Gina\u3068] [Television\u3092] watch\u3002 (2 complete bunsetsu jars with verb at end.)<\/p>\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n Query Particles Explain Who, What, When, Where<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n Q \u306b\u3000\u3067\u3000\u3092\u3000\u304c\u3000\u3068\u3000\u3078\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n Query Particles describe “when, where to, the setting, the subject, with whom, with what, which direction” (respectively, for the Q list) <\/p>\n\n\n In general, Query Particles explain Who What When Where, and can even explain matters such as “With what implement or tool was it done,” “According to,” and have many senses. In general they answer a question by providing a concrete noun (a label for a person, place, or thing).<\/p>\n\n\n Ga \u304c is the Subject-Marker Particle. <\/p>\n\n\n Sally-San \u304c Bicycle \u3092 Purchased. <\/p>\n\n\n Sally bought a bike.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n In Japanese there is a phenomenon called the Zero-Ga or Null-Ga \u3000 and \u3007\u304c is used to teach the subtlety that the subject of a conversation need not be mentioned more than once. Subjects are marked by Ga \u304c and typically need to be worked out from context or walking back through the conversation logs because Japanese does not use identifying 3rd-person terms “he, she, it” making Japanese more opaque than English regarding agents\/actors.<\/p>\n\n\n Elaborative Particles are quite versatile, and can replace any one of the Query Particles. In the case of Wa \u306f, the noun marked with particle \u306f gets elevated to Topic. Topic in Japanese is kind of like “Top of Mind” and the Topic, once set by \u306f may go unmentioned later.<\/p>\n\n\n The Particle Mo \u3082, also an Elaborative Particle, means “also” and expresses “even to this point, even to this person, or to this place” to convey extreme overflow or reach. <\/p>\n\n\n Query Particles can be replaced by Elaborative Particles<\/p>\n\n\n John-San \u304c Japan \u306b go\u3002John will go to Japan.<\/p>\n\n\n Jane-San\u3082Japan\u306bgo\u3002Jane also will go to Japan.<\/p>\n\n\n And Query Particles other than \u304c can be combined with an Elaborative Particle to make double particle pairs:<\/p>\n\n\n Denver\u306b\u3082go\u3002 Go to Denver also.<\/p>\n\n\n Park\u3067\u306feasy\u3002Library \u3067\u306f hard.<\/p>\n\n\n It’s easy (to do that) at the Park. It’s hard to do that at the Library.<\/p>\n\n\n \u306b “Ni” like “knee” – Destination of Travel<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n Florida \u306b travel\u3002 Ohio \u306b drive\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n \u306b “Ni” – Marker for the person you are Meeting (when the sentence-final verb is “to meet”)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n Friend \u306b meet\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n \u306b “Ni” to mark a specific time of action. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n 4pm \u306b Denver \u306b go\u3002[multiple particles with different senses \u2714\ufe0f]<\/p>\n\n\n \u3067 “De” (shorter than “day”) to mark a setting or a locality of a happening.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n Central Park \u3067 Ultimate Frisbee \u3092 enjoyed\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n \u3067 “De” to explain with which implement, via which tool you’ll do something, or with what something was accomplished.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n Airplane \u3067 Australia \u306b traveled\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n \u3092\u3000”oh” (written and keyed-in as “wo”) marks the Direct Object<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n Karen-San \u304c Basketball \u3092 Borrowed.<\/p>\n\n\n Karen (marked as the subject) borrowed the basketball (marked as direct object).<\/p>\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n Thanks for taking this brief look at Japanese Particles with us. We will be writing more about the fundamentals of Japanese Grammar and How to Think in Japanese. To learn more about our new language curriculum offerings please navigate to https:\/\/japanesecomplete.com\/overview<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Bunsetsu Jars<\/h2>\n\n\n
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<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\nQuery Particles \u306b\u3000\u3067\u3000\u3092\u3000\u304c\u3000\u3068\u3000\u3078\u3000<\/h4>\n\n\n
\u3007\u304c<\/strong> (zero-ga) <\/h3>\n\n\n
Elaborative Particles \u306f\u3000\u3082<\/h4>\n\n\n
Mixing and Matching<\/h4>\n\n\n
Common Senses for Some Major Query Particles<\/h3>\n\n\n